Trixbox
Contents
Running Trixbox in VMware on Windows
Download:
VMware player (free)
- ISO CD-image (Direct link)
Things to know
- document the startup of VMware ***
Once the Trixbox Linux is up and running, the following things hold:
- The default root-password is "password".
- Entering the VMware console is done by clicking on it. Leaving is done by pressing CTRL + Alt at the same time.
- When opening the VMware configuration-file in VMware player, you probably get some warnings about the location of your CDrom drive. This can be ignored. (no CDrom is needed)
- Using the latest version of VMware player, the hardware-detection will detect a change of network card. Please select "Keep configuration" and in the next screen enter the right IP-configuration (needed only once)
- Each instance of VMware player running this version of Trixbox will take on average about 250 MB of RAM.
- Each VMware image of this version of Trixbox needs about 1.66 GiB of hard disk space. This can increase up to a max. of 7.3 GiB (max size of virtual filesystem + 256 MiB VMEM-file) The VMware-images can be compressed for transport to about 570 - 600 MB
Editors
The config files of Asterisk are located in /etc/asterisk/
Editing those files with the installed editor vi, is rather tedious. Therefore we installed Emacs to do the editing. Since Trixbox is based on CentOS, it is possible to use the CentOS RPM's to install Emacs.
The 2 RPM's needed for Emacs are located at the following URL's:
ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/CentOS/4.4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/emacs-common-21.3-19.EL.4.i386.rpm ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/CentOS/4.4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/emacs-nox-21.3-19.EL.4.i386.rpm
Using the program wget, it is possible to download these. After downloading, the RPM's can be installed with "rpm -i". We also created some smaller URL's, which is easier to type ;)
mkdir install cd install wget http://turl.nl/99 wget http://turl.nl/100 rpm -i emacs-common-21.3-19.EL.4.i386.rpm rpm -i emacs-nox-21.3-19.EL.4.i386.rpm
The name of the emacs-executable is "emacs-nox"
Another possibility is simply to use the YUM package manager:
[root@asterisk1 ~]# yum install emacs-nox
Connecting with the Trixbox-shell
It is possible to use the Trixbox shell via VMware (player), but this has one mayor disadvantage. You can't use cut 'n paste. However, it is also possible to interface over a SSH connection, using e.g. Putty. The IP-adress of the Trixbox installation is given at the login (using VMware).
To log in, the standard root-password is "password".
Running Trixbox in VMware on Linux
In the following we assume that the VMware image of TrixBox has already been downloaded to some directory, for instance
/home/scratch
First of all, VMware needs to be launched from the command-line
csg9101@wingtip114 [~/bin] : vmware &
After a while VMware will be up and running. Then the next step is to select open an existing Virtual Machine:
At this point, the CentOS TrixBox system will boot. Eventually a Linux login shell will appear.
TrixBox starts up with a default network configuration based on IPv6; this won't work in most cases. To remedy this it is necessary to log in on the TrixBox as root and to configure the network subsystem.
This configuration is two-fold: on the VMware side it is necessary to set up network routing, as documented at network_configure_ws.
In our case, the present network is tightly configured by DHCP in such a way that using an IP in the same range as the machine's IP is not an option and other IP's are ignored. Therefore Network bridging isn't an option; we use NAT instead.
Hereby we have to set up NAT conforming to the parameters which are set up in the following VMware config file (/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf.)
# Linux NAT configuration file [host] # NAT gateway address ip = 192.168.5.2 netmask = 255.255.255.0 # or ip = 192.168.5.2/24 # enable configuration; disabled by default for security reasons #configport = 33445 # VMnet device if not specified on command line device = /dev/vmnet8 # Allow PORT/EPRT FTP commands (they need incoming TCP stream...) activeFTP = 1 # Allows the source to have any OUI. Turn this one if you change the OUI # in the MAC address of your virtual machines. #allowAnyOUI = 1 [udp] # Timeout in seconds, 0 = no timeout, default = 60; real value might # be up to 100% longer timeout = 60 [incomingtcp] # Use these with care - anyone can enter into your VM through these... # FTP (both active and passive FTP is always enabled) # ftp localhost 8887 #8887 = 192.168.5.128:21 # WEB (make sure that if you are using named webhosting, names point to # your host, not to guest... And if you are forwarding port other # than 80 make sure that your server copes with mismatched port # number in Host: header) # lynx http://localhost:8888 #8888 = 192.168.5.128:80 # SSH # ssh -p 8889 root@localhost #8889 = 192.168.5.128:22 [incomingudp] # UDP port forwarding example #6000 = 192.168.5.128:6001
On the TrixBox side the networking infrastructure should happen according to network_nat_advanced_gsx; the new network parameters can be applied through the command
netconfig
For further details see TrixBox Network configuration.
As far as we know, such NAT configuration does not forward any connection to the TrixBox running within VMware, therefore at this moment this solution doesn't allow any incoming connection.
Update
Update
Further investigation made us discover a quite complex situation.
First of all, in the Linux installation VMware creates a couple of devices, namely
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0E:7F:FB:0A:25
inet addr:129.125.21.161 Bcast:129.125.21.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20e:7fff:fefb:a25/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:219478 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:172723 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:94422484 (90.0 MiB) TX bytes:54367351 (51.8 MiB)
Interrupt:16
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:465 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:465 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:47236 (46.1 KiB) TX bytes:47236 (46.1 KiB)
vmnet1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:01
inet addr:192.168.7.1 Bcast:192.168.7.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:1/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
vmnet8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:08
inet addr:192.168.5.1 Bcast:192.168.5.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
NAT translation is merely performed on the ip address where interface vmnet8 is listening to. For some reason even a manipulated VMware configuration file (/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf) doesn't realize the port-forwards which are needed to reach the TrixBox virtual machine; the used configuration is
csg9101@wingtip114 [~] : cat /home/scratch/trixbox\ 2.0/nat.conf # Linux NAT configuration file [host] # NAT gateway address ip = 192.168.5.2 netmask = 255.255.255.0 # or ip = 192.168.5.2/24 # enable configuration; disabled by default for security reasons #configport = 33445 # VMnet device if not specified on command line device = /dev/vmnet8 # Allow PORT/EPRT FTP commands (they need incoming TCP stream...) activeFTP = 1 # Allows the source to have any OUI. Turn this one if you change the OUI # in the MAC address of your virtual machines. #allowAnyOUI = 1 [udp] # Timeout in seconds, 0 = no timeout, default = 60; real value might # be up to 100% longer timeout = 60 [incomingtcp] # Use these with care - anyone can enter into your VM through these... # FTP (both active and passive FTP is always enabled) # ftp localhost 8887 8887 = 192.168.5.128:21 # WEB (make sure that if you are using named webhosting, names point to # your host, not to guest... And if you are forwarding port other # than 80 make sure that your server copes with mismatched port # number in Host: header) # lynx http://localhost:8888 8888 = 192.168.5.128:80 # SSH # ssh -p 8889 root@localhost 8889 = 192.168.5.128:22 [incomingudp] # UDP port forwarding example #6000 = 192.168.5.128:6001 # IAX1 - port forward for the obsolete IAX ver 1 protocol # essential for trixbox/asterisk 4569 = 192.168.5.128:4569 # IAX2 - port forward for the IAX ver 2 protocol # essential for trixbox/asterisk 5036 = 192.168.5.128:5036
In this case the virtual machine has the ip 192.168.5.128 and a series op network port are mapped to it; unfortunately it doesn't seem to work:
- from the outside world it is not possible to open any connection towards the TrixBox, i.e. not by usig the real machine's ip and port 8888 nor using the "VMware router" at adress 192.168.5.2 and port 8888
- from the local Linux OS it is possible to connect to the TrixBox through it's ip; this is not sufficient as it's not possible to connect from another machine.
